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Trisna Aditama
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Perbedaan Virus DNA dan RNA



Virus DNA adalah virus yang materi genetiknya berupa asam nukleat yang berbentuk rantai ganda berpilin. Di dalam sel inangnya, DNA pada virus akan mengalami replikasi menjadi beberapa DNA dan juga akan mengalami transkripsi menjadi mRNA. mRNA akan mengalami translasi untuk menghasilkan protein selubung virus. Masih di dalam sel inang, DNA dan protein virus mengkonstruksikan diri menjadi virus – virus baru. mRNA juga akan membentuk enzim penghancur (Lisozim) sehingga sel inang lisis (hancur) dan virus – virus keluar untuk menginfeksi sel inang lainnya.
Contoh Virus ini :
1. Papiloma
2. Poliloma
3. Parvovirus B19
4. Adenovirus
5. Herpes simpleks I (luka di sekeliling mulut)
6. Herpes simpleks II (perlukaan genital)
7. Varicella zoster (cacar air)
8. Virus Epstein-Barr
9. Cytomegalovirus
10. Vaccinia
11. Roseola
12. Cacar sapi
13. Cacar
14. Bakteriofag
15. Hepatitis B virus
16. Smallpox virus
17. Transfusion Transmitted Virus
18. JC virus (progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy)
19. Anellovirus
20. Salterprovirus
Virus RNA adalah virus yang materi genetiknya berupa asam nukleat yang berbentuk rantai tunggal atau ganda tidak berpilin. Di dalam sel inangnya, RNA pada virus akan mengalami transkripsi balik menjadi Hibrid RNA-DNA dan akhirnya membentuk DNA. Selanjutnya DNA virus akan masuk ke inti sel inangnya, menyisip ke dalam DNA inangnya. DNA virus akan merusak DNA inangnya dan membentuk mRNA. mRNA akan mengalami translasi untuk menghasilkan protein selubung virus untuk menbentuk virus – virus baru.
Contoh Virus ini :
1. HIV AIDS
2. Influenza
3. Virus Hepatitis E
4. Poliovirus
5. Paramyxovirus Paramyxovirus
6. Virus enterik
7. Virus rubella
8. Virus demam kuning
9. Virus ensefalitis
10. Virus tumor RNA
11. DHF (demam berdarah)
12. Rabies
13. Campak
14. Rhinovirus (demam dan pilek)
15. Reovirus (diare)
16. Gondong
17. Rotavirus
18. Enterovirus
19. Hepatovirus
20. Virus ebola

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Short Story

"MY PROMISE"

Sunday morning mother was cleaning the house, while Indra still curled up on a soft mattress, knowing Sunday morning is the perfect time to relax and sleep deeply. His mother came to his room as usual to wake him up, "Ndra, when will you wake up? The boy still sleep at this hour is not good, you should know it. Come on, help mommy make up the house "mother said as she approached him.”It is weekend mom, it is ok if I wake up late," said Indra blindly. "I've made the fried rice, do you want your food is taken by Doni? Come on get up, help mommy plant the seeds in the garden" mother cooed. Well, this one about Indra could not refuse, do not want to run out of fried rice made by his mom, Indra was immediately wake up, shower and breakfast avidly.
When finished eating breakfast, Indra saw Doni, his brother, outside was busy with his work. Pulling weeds around the mother plants, while the mother was busy fertilize the soil beside the house. Indra was so lazy, he feels like a tedious job to do this. But it seems that his mother loved doing things like this, planting many trees, making the absorption wells along with his father behind the house, and other similar activities. Indra did not know what good did that. Indra was never interested in doing something like that. Seeing the garbage that littered beside the house he did not react to anything.
"Indra, why are you just watching there? Come here to help mom," called his mother. "Oh, I am lazy mom, what do you plant those for, mom. You have already had a lot of plant, haven’t you? I want to play with Hendra mom" Indra was stubborn and hard to be told, he is not like Doni who obedient and helpful. "You just want to play, it's up to you Indra, you'll also understand why mom plant these all." My mother advised him repeatedly.
Indra just walked to hendra’s home which was only a hundred yards from his house, as usual took Hendra to play football at their school field. Indra always forgot the time when he played, until he saw watch showed at 1 pm. "Well it’s getting dark, I’ll go home Hendra, my mom will get angry if I go home late" said Indra as he passed and rushed home.
Arriving home he saw the clean yard and tidy house, lined up plant, some towering plants, ponds with clean water was increasingly beautify his house. Indra sometimes often felt much cooler than his neighbor's house or if he played at his friend’s house there were very few trees growing on their land.
When he entered into the house, he felt cool air over him. "How satisfied is your game? If you have already join the game you would forget the time" mother surprised him sarcastically, "Hahaha, that was a hobby mom" Indra said, heading for her room. Tired out playing ball with Hendra and his friends, Indra felt sleepy and a moment later his eyes were closed and he curled up again on the mattress.
Hearing the rain outside, sometimes accompanied by thunder and lightning who lit up the sky an instant, Indra was awakened. Long time he slept from exhaustion. It seems very dark outside, felt his stomach was asked to some food. Indra rushed out to fill his stomach. But the mother screamed from the outside, "Indra why do you just sleep? Wake up! Help mom and dad picked up the goods and upwards." Indra gasped in surprise, but was surprised when he set foot on the floor room that had flooded about ten inches tall. Why it could be like this, certainly beyond the very heavy rain, causing flooding as high as this in an instant.
Indra felt strange, he felt his house had never flooded, let alone to submerged this high. He hurried out of the room, he saw Doni and mom was busy moving items that may be wet by flooded, while the father was busy prevent the water entering the house. It seems useless to do because water kept inside the house. "What happened mom, why our house is flooded?" Ask Indra was still shocked, "You've been sleeping and do not hear what heavy rain outside, come help dad," dad replied as he continued to prevent the water in.
With confuse and do not understand, Indra began to prevent the water entering the house. But he felt the water would not stop barging into the house, even higher and higher. He saw that this afternoon mother’s plants were still fresh on the ground and pots but they were now under water. Any wilted leaves, roots of some plants sticking out of sight of land surface, covered by water became increasingly.
Instantly Indra became upset, it must be because of people who throw litter in the river and the forests cut down mercilessly. He did not realize that he also acted just like those people, throw trash out of place and does not concern with the environment.
Indra began to feel tired prevent the water in, while continuing grumble. But the more confused he saw the water rise higher, the water had about ten inches tall, now the water began to rise above the knee of Indra.
Without forgiveness, the torrential rains increase the volume of water, now the water had reached waist Indra. Impossible! Why might this be? He wondered.
"Daddy, how this mother? The rain never let up and the water raised, "Ask Indra on his father and mother. But there was no answer. He saw the canopy, no father and mother, as well as Doni. He was busy so he did not realize that his alone there. “Where are they, why am I left alone?” He did not understand. He attempted to walk towards the kitchen, but his legs hard to move because the water is getting higher. Now the water has sunk half his body.
How is this? Where are all people? I might drown here. "Father, Mother, Doni. Where are you?" He repeatedly called but no answer. It was the fear started welling tears. Increasingly high water uncontrollably as if intending drown Indra. The water had reached his neck when he screamed for help, "Father, Mother, help me, I cannot swim, I nearly drowned!" Tears have flooded his cheeks, as if increasing the volume of water that rises.
Instantly, the water such as high waves hit anything in its path. Water barged into the house and Indra was not able to do anything about it. He tried reaching surface water so as not to drift. But his efforts futile, he felt his breath choked and nearly drowned when a soft voice calling him. "Indra, Come on, wake up, nightmares huh?" said mommy while wiping his sweat with handkerchief.
He woke up with a shocked and bathed in sweat. Apparently this is only a dream. "What happened mom?" Ask Indra, "It seems you’ve got nightmares, screaming for help, what is your dream?" mom asked. Indra was telling all that happened in his dreams. Mother smiled at him, but Indra amazement.
"Why did mommy actually smile? So my dream is funny? "Ask Indra. "No, mommy only remembered by all that happened this morning, when you do not want to help mom. What you are dreamed was possible that could happen in real life. If we do not protect our environment from now, one day a huge disaster could happen. Look, instead of planting mommy plants are for good sense. Plant roots absorb water, so the rain water that fell directly absorbed, so that was not flooded above ground and create floods. Recharge wells created with father is also useful to collect rain water in the soil that we feel will benefit from them," Indra nodded.
"In addition, ponds and lakes can also be used as water storage containers that prevent flooding as well. So is the technology being discussed biopores people are now aiming to create pores in the soil for the amount of water in the soil to grow, in addition to preventing flooding, biopores also can make the soil structure becomes strong and not easily disappear. That is what underlies all mothers to continue to grow and maintain the environment, at least in our own homes. Maybe the dream was a warning for you to keep and care for the environment. Remember, if you want to plant water, surely you will also harvest water.“ Mother’s good advice listened well by Indra.
Now he understood why mothers do it all, if he would do all the activities that would benefit not only be felt now, but in the future as well and he promised to mom and himself to keep and care for the environment at least from the small thing, from now and start from himself.

(Palembang, 7 April 2011)

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